Red Hat LINUX ES 2.1 Installation Manual

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Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 2.1 Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Installation Guide ...

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Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 2.1: Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Installation Guide Copyright © 2003 by Red Hat, Inc. Red Hat, Inc. 1801 Varsity Drive Raleigh NC 27606-2072 USA Phone: +1 919 754 3700 Phone: 888 733 4281 Fax: +1 919 754 3701 PO Box 13588...

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Table of Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... i 1. Document Conventions...........................................................

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II. Appendixes ................................................................................................................................... 61 A. Removing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES ...............................................................

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Introduction Welcome to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Installation Guide. This guide contains useful informa- tion to assist you during the installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES. From fundamental concepts such as installation preparation to t...

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ii Introduction text found on a GUI interface A title, word, or phrase found on a GUI interface screen or window will be shown in this style. When you see text shown in this style, it is being used to identify a particular GUI screen or an element on...

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Introduction iii Note Remember that Linux is case sensitive. In other words, a rose is not a ROSE is not a rOsE. Tip The directory /usr/share/doc contains additional documentation for packages installed on your system. Important If you modify the DHC...

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iv Introduction 2.1. We Need Feedback! If you spot a typo in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Installation Guide, or if you have thought of a way to make this manual better, we would love to hear from you! Please submit a report in Bugzilla (http://bu...

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I. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Table of Contents 1. Steps to Get You Started................................................................................................................. 1 2. System Requirements Table .....................

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Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started Before you install Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES, you should perform the following steps: 1.1. Do You Have the Right Components? If you have purchased an Official Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES product, you are ready t...

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2 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 1.2. Is Your Hardware Compatible? Hardware compatibility is particularly important if you have an older system or a system that you built yourself. Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 2.1 should be compatible with most h...

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Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 3 space. Choosing both GNOME and KDE requires at least 1.3 GB of free disk space. Custom A Custom installation requires for a minimal installation (without the Server packages) and at least 3.2 GB of free space if ...

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4 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 1.4.2. Making Installation Diskettes You may need to create a diskette from an image file; for example, you may need to use updated diskette images obtained from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES errata page (http...

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Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 5 1.5. Which Installation Class is Best For You? Usually, Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES is installed on its own disk partition or set of partitions, or over another installation of Linux. Warning Installing Red Hat E...

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6 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 1.5.1.1. What a Server Installation Will Do A Server installation, with automatic partitioning, will create the following partitions: Note The partitions represented below were created on a system with 9 GB of ha...

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Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started 7 1.5.2.1. What a Custom Installation Will Do As you might guess from the name, a custom installation puts the emphasis on flexibility. You have complete control over which packages will be installed on your syste...

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8 Chapter 1. Steps to Get You Started ...

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Chapter 2. System Requirements Table The most recent list of supported hardware can be found at http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/. This chapter provides you with a system requirements table, which will help you keep a record of your current system sett...

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10 Chapter 2. System Requirements Table sound card: make, chipset and model number; ex: S3 SonicVibes, Sound Blaster 32/64 AWE IP, DHCP, and BOOTP addresses: four numbers, separated by dots; ex: 10.0.2.15 netmask: four numbers, separated by dots; ex:...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES This chapter explains how to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES from the CD-ROM using the graph- ical, mouse-based installation program. The following topics are discussed: • Getting familiar with ...

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12 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.2. Starting the Installation Program To start the installation, you must first boot the installation program. Please make sure you have all the resources you will need for the installation. If y...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 13 As you boot the installation program, be aware of two issues: • Once you see the boot: prompt, the installation program will automatically begin if you take no action within the first minute. To...

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14 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.2.1.3. Booting Without Diskettes The Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES CD-ROM can be booted by computers that support bootable CD- ROMs. Not all computers support this feature, so if your system cannot...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 15 HTTP If you are installing directly from an HTTP (Web) server, use this method. You will need a network boot disk. PCMCIA boot and driver disks may also be used. Refer to Chapter 4, for HTTP instal...

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16 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.4.1.1. What If the IDE CD-ROM Was Not Found? If you have an IDE (ATAPI) CD-ROM, but the installation program fails to find your it and asks you what type of CD-ROM drive you have, try the follow...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 17 3.6. Keyboard Configuration Choose the keyboard model that best fits your system (see Figure 3-2). If you cannot find an exact match, choose the best Generic match for your keyboard type (for ex...

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18 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES To become root, type su - at the shell prompt in a terminal window and then press [Enter]. Then, enter the root password. Tip To re-enable dead keys (assuming you chose to disable them during the i...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 19 Figure 3-3. Mouse Configuration If you have a PS/2 or a bus mouse, you do not need to pick a port and device. If you have a serial mouse, you should choose the correct port and device that your se...

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20 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.9. Install Options Choose the type of installation you would like to perform (see Figure 3-4). Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES allows you to choose the installation type that best fits your needs. Y...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 21 To partition manually, choose either the Disk Druid or fdisk (recommended for experts only) parti- tioning tool. Figure 3-5. Disk Partitioning Setup If you chose to manually partition using Disk Dr...

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22 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.11. Automatic Partitioning Figure 3-6. Automatic Partitioning Automatic partitioning allows you to have some control concerning what data is removed (if any) from your system. Your options are: �...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 23 Caution If you have a RAID card, be aware that some BIOSes do not support booting from the RAID card. In cases such as these, the /boot partition must be created on a partition outside of the RAID ...

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24 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Figure 3-7. Partitioning with Disk Druid The partitioning tool used in Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES is Disk Druid. With the exception of certain esoteric situations, Disk Druid can handle the partit...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 25 You can also edit free space as represented in the graphical display to create a new partition within that space. Either highlight the free space and then select the Edit button, or double-click on...

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26 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES these files is a good idea. For most users, a 50 MB boot partition is sufficient. In Disk Druid, the partition field for /boot should look similar to: /boot hda1 50M 50M Linux native Caution If ...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 27 Figure 3-8. Creating a New Partition • Mount Point: Enter the partition’s mount point. For example, if this partition should be the root partition, enter /; enter /boot for the /boot partition,...

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28 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES See Section D.1.3, for more information. • Check for bad blocks: Checking for bad blocks can help prevent data loss by locating the bad blocks on a drive and making a list of them to prevent usin...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 29 3.12.7. Deleting a Partition To delete a partition, highlight it in the Partitions section and click the Delete button. You will be asked to confirm the deletion. Skip to Section 3.14 for further ...

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30 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Choose which boot loader you want to install. If you would rather use LILO, make sure it is selected instead of GRUB. Caution If you choose not to install GRUB or LILO for any reason, you will not ...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 31 The first sector of your root partition Recommended if you are already using another boot loader on your system (such as OS/2’s Boot Manager). In this case, your other boot loader will take cont...

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32 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.14.2. Alternative Boot Loaders If you do not wish to use GRUB or LILO to boot your Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES system, you have several alternatives: Boot disk You can use the boot disk created b...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 33 If you are installing GRUB as your boot loader, you should create a password to protect your sys- tem. Otherwise, users may be able to pass options to the kernel which can compromise your system se...

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34 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Finally, enter the Gateway and Primary DNS (and if applicable the Secondary DNS and Ternary DNS) addresses. Figure 3-11. Network Configuration Note Do not use the numbers as seen in this sample co...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 35 Figure 3-12. Firewall Configuration Choose the appropriate security level for your system. High If you choose High, your system will not accept connections (other than the default settings) that a...

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36 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES If you choose Medium, your firewall will not allow remote machines to have access to certain resources on your system. By default, access to the following resources are not allowed: • Ports lowe...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 37 WWW (HTTP) The HTTP protocol is used by Apache (and by other Web servers) to serve webpages. If you plan on making your Web server publicly available, enable this option. This option is not require...

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38 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Figure 3-13. Language Support Selection To use more than one language on your system, choose specific languages to be installed or select all languages to have all available languages installed on...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 39 Figure 3-14. Configuring the Time Zone On the interactive map, you can also click on a specific city, which is marked by a yellow dot; a red X will appear indicating your selection. You can also ...

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40 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Figure 3-15. Account Creation 3.20.1. Setting the Root Password Setting up a root account and password is one of the most important steps during your installation. Your root account is similar to t...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 41 You should make the root password something you can remember, but not something that is easy for someone else to guess. Your name, your phone number, qwerty, password, root, 123456, and anteater ar...

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42 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.21. Package Group Selection After your partitions have been selected and configured for formatting, you are ready to select pack- ages for installation. Note Unless you choose a custom installat...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 43 To select packages individually, check the Select Individual Packages box at the bottom of the screen. 3.21.1. Selecting Individual Packages After selecting the components you wish to install, you ...

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44 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 3.21.2. Unresolved Dependencies Many software packages, in order to work correctly, depend on other software packages that must be installed on your system. For example, many of the graphical Red H...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 45 3.22.1. Video Card Configuration Xconfigurator will now present a list of video cards for you to choose from. If you decided to install the X Window System packages, you now have the opportunity ...

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46 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Warning If, for some reason, you would rather not continue with the installation process, this is your last opportunity to safely cancel the process and reboot your machine. Once you press the Next...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 47 After a short delay, your boot disk will be created; remove it from your diskette drive and label it clearly. Note that if you would like to create a boot disk after the installation, you will be a...

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48 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Figure 3-23. Monitor Selection If your monitor does not appear on the list, select the most appropriate Generic model available. If you do select a Generic monitor, Xconfigurator will suggest hori...

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Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 49 Note If you need to exit out of the X test, use the [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[Backspace] key combination. Also note that this will not work in some test cases. We recommend that you test your configuration, t...

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50 Chapter 3. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES After your computer’s normal power-up sequence has completed, you should see the graphical boot loader prompt, at which you can do any of the following things: • Press [Enter] — causes the de...

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Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode This release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES features a graphical, mouse-based installation program, but you can also install Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES using a text mode, keyboard-based...

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52 Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode • SCSI adapter (if one is present) — the adapter’s make and model number. • Network card (if one is present) — the card’s make and model number. • Mouse — the mouse’...

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Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode 53 Figure 4-1. Installation Program Widgets as seen in Configure TCP/IP Figure 4-2. Installation Program Widgets as seen in Disk Druid Here is a list of the most important widgets shown...

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54 Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode • Text Input — text input lines are regions where you can enter information required by the installa- tion program. When the cursor rests on a text input line, you may enter and/o...

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Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode 55 boot: 4.3.1. Text Mode Boot Options If you press [Enter] at the boot: prompt, or if you take no action within the first minute after the boot: prompt appears, the graphical installat...

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56 Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode Most text mode installation screens can be cross-referenced with the corresponding GUI screen. Table 4-1 lists the screens, in order, and gives section references for more information...

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Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode 57 4.5. Installing from a Hard Drive Note Hard drive installations only work from ext2, ext3, or FAT filesystems. If you have a filesystem other than those listed here, such as reiserf...

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58 Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode 4.6. Installing over a Network If you are performing a network installation, the Configure TCP/IP dialog appears; for an explanation of this dialog, go to Section 3.16, and then retu...

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Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode 59 4.6.3. FTP Setup The FTP dialog (Figure 4-5) applies only if you are installing from an FTP server (if you selected FTP in the Installation Method dialog). This dialog allows you to i...

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60 Chapter 4. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES via Text Mode Figure 4-6. HTTP Setup Dialog Enter the name or IP address of the HTTP site you are installing from, and the name of the directory there containing the RedHat installation files for ...

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II. Appendixes Table of Contents A. Removing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES................................................................................... 63 B. Getting Technical Support..................................................................

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Appendix A. Removing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES To uninstall Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES from your system, you will need to remove the GRUB or LILO information from your master boot record (MBR). In DOS, NT, and Windows 95 you can use fdisk to creat...

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64 Appendix A. Removing Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES ...

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Appendix B. Getting Technical Support B.1. Remember to Sign Up If you have an official edition of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 2.1 and/or an official Red Hat OEM partner kit, please remember to sign up for the benefits you are entitled to as a Red ...

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66 Appendix B. Getting Technical Support • Successfully configuring the X Window System using Xconfigurator • Configuring a local parallel port printer to print text • Configuring a mouse Our installation assistance service is designed to g...

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Appendix B. Getting Technical Support 67 B.4. How to Get Technical Support In order to receive technical support for your Official Red Hat product, you must register your product on the Red Hat website. Every Official Red Hat product comes with a P...

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68 Appendix B. Getting Technical Support came with phone support). You will also be asked for your login name when contacting the technical support team via telephone. B.5. Questions for Technical Support Technical support is both a science and a mys...

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Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES This appendix discusses some common installation problems and their solutions. C.1. You are Unable to Boot Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES C.1.1. Is Your System Displaying Signa...

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70 Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES C.2. Trouble Beginning the Installation C.2.1. Is Your Mouse Not Detected? If the Mouse Not Detected screen (see Figure C-1) appears, then the installation program was no...

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Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 71 C.3. Trouble During the Installation C.3.1. Partition Creation Problems If you are having trouble creating a partition (for example, a root (/) partition), make sure you ...

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72 Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES Local variables in innermost frame: self: fstab.GuiFstab instance at 8446fe0 sys: module ’sys’ (built-in) ToDo object: (itodo ToDo p1 (dp2 S’method’ p3 (iimage Cd...

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Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 73 You may re-enable the graphical boot screen by adding the above line back into the lilo.conf file and rerunning LILO. C.4.3. Problems with Server Installations and X If ...

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74 Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES C.4.7. Is Your RAM Not Being Recognized? Sometimes, the kernel does not recognize all of your memory (RAM). You can check this with the following command: cat /proc/memin...

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Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES 75 C.4.8. Problems with Sound Configuration If you do not have sound after your installation, you may need to run the sound configuration utility. As root, type sndconfig ...

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76 Appendix C. Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES ...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Disk partitions are a standard part of the personal computer landscape and have been for quite some time. However, with many people purchasing computers featuring preinstalled operating systems, relative...

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78 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions D.1.1. It is Not What You Write, it is How You Write It Experienced computer users probably got this one on the first try. We need to format the drive. For- matting (usually known as "making a �...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 79 Figure D-3. Disk Drive with a Different Filesystem Of course, writing a filesystem to disk is only the beginning. The goal of this process is to actually store and retrieve data. Let us take a look a...

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80 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions As with most computer-related technologies, disk drives changed over time after their introduction. In particular, they got bigger. Not larger in physical size, but bigger in their capacity to store i...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 81 Let us take a closer look at each of these characteristics. The starting and ending points actually define the partition’s size and location on the disk. The "active" flag is used by som...

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82 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure D-6. Disk Drive With Single Partition In many cases, there is only a single partition spanning the entire disk, essentially duplicating the method used before partitions. The partition table ha...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 83 Figure D-7. Disk Drive With Extended Partition As this figure implies, there is a difference between primary and logical partitions — there can only be four primary partitions, but there is no fix...

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84 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Figure D-8. Disk Drive with Unpartitioned Free Space When you think about it, an unused hard disk also falls into this category. The only difference is that all the space is not part of any defined p...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 85 D.1.4.3. Using Free Space from an Active Partition This is the most common situation. It is also, unfortunately, the hardest to handle. The main problem is that, even if you have enough free space, it...

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86 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions While the process of non-destructive repartitioning is rather straightforward, there are a number of steps involved: • Compress existing data • Resize the existing partition • Create new partiti...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 87 Figure D-12. Disk Drive with Partition Resized It is important to understand what the resizing software you use does with the newly freed space, so that you can take the appropriate steps. In the case...

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88 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions Warning Many people have successfully used fips to resize their hard drive partitions. However, because of the nature of the operations carried out by fips and the wide variety of hardware and softwar...

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Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions 89 y This letter indicates which device the partition is on. For example, /dev/hda (the first IDE hard disk) or /dev/sdb (the second SCSI disk). N The final number denotes the partition. The first fou...

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90 Appendix D. An Introduction to Disk Partitions D.1.8. How Many Partitions? At this point in the process of preparing to install Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES, you will need to give some consideration to the number and size of the partitions to be us...