RuggedCom RS1600 User Manual

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[Page 1] RuggedCom RS1600

RuggedSwitch™ RS8000 / RS1600 / RS900 Product Family User Guide RS1600T RS1600T RS1600 RS1600 RS8000 RS8000 RS8000T RS8000T Ru gg edCom Inc. 64 Jardin Dr. (Unit 3G) Concord, Ontario Canada L4K 3P3 Web: www.ruggedco...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide RUGGEDSWITCH™ USER GUIDE FOR USE WITH RS8000, RS1600, AND RS900 PRODUCTS RUGGEDSWITCH™ OPERATING SYSTEM V1.5 Version 1.5.1 – Aug. 3, 2004 RuggedCom 64 Jardin Drive, Unit 3G Concord, Ontario Canada L4K 3...

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About this User Guide ABOUT THIS USER GUIDE This guide is concerned with aiding the user in the configuration and operation of the RuggedSwitch™ using the RuggedCom User Interface. Specifically, this guide details aspects of: • Accessing t...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Rugged MediaConverter™ Installation Guide RuggedCom Fiber Guide White paper: Rapid Spanning Tree in Industrial Networks Document Conventions This publication uses the following conventions: Note: Means reader t...

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About this User Guide 7. At this point the switch will raise links, learn addresses and forward traffic. By default link alarms and SNMP linkUp/linkDown traps (See Chapter 1) are raised for all ports. The Port Configuration and Status, View Por...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Table Of Contents About this User Guide............................................................................................................................ i Applicable Firmware Revision ............................

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Table Of Contents MAC Address Management Parameter Ranges & Default Settings....................................................13 MAC Address Tables Management Menu..................................................................................

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Chapter 5 – Configuring Class of Service ...........................................................................................44 Introduction to CoS....................................................................

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Table Of Contents Clearing Alarms...................................................................................................................................92 Viewing CPU Diagnostics ............................................................

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Finding The Correct Table.................................................................................................................128 Retrieving Information............................................................

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Table Of Figures TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1: Main Menu With Screen Elements Identified........................................................................3 Figure 2: Administration Menu .............................................................

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Figure 27: Global CoS Parameters Menu............................................................................................47 Figure 28: Port CoS Parameters Menu ........................................................

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Table Of Figures Figure 54: The History Process..........................................................................................................101 Figure 55: History Control Table..............................................................

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Chapter 1– Setting Up And Administering The Switch Chapter 1– Setting Up And Administering The Switch Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with the RuggedCom user interface as well as describes the following procedures: • Con...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide The Structure of the User Interface The user interface is organized as a series of menus with an escape to a command line interface (CLI) shell. Each menu screen presents the switch name (as proved by the System Ident...

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Table Of Contents Making Configuration Changes When changing a data item the user selects the data item by the cursor keys and then pressing the enter key. The cursor will change position to allow editing of the data item. Typing a new value af...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Administration Menu The Administration command provides the menu shown in the following Figure. Figure 2: Administration Menu Configure IP Services The Configure IP Services command provides the ability to change the I...

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Table Of Contents Note: Changes to the IP Address take effect immediately upon being saved. Telnet connections in place at the time of an address change will be lost. Subnet This parameter specifies the subnet mask of the switch. Gateway Th...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Configuring System Identification The system identification is displayed in the sign-on screen and in the upper left hand corner of all RuggedSwitch™ menu screens. Setting the system identification can make it easier...

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Table Of Contents Time Zone The time zone setting allows for the conversion of UTC (Universal Coordinated Time) to local time. NTP Server Address This parameter specifies the IP address of the NTP (Network Time Protocol) server used to set the ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Configure SNMP Management Stations This command identifies management stations that may configure the switch through SNMP and receive Traps from the switch. At shipping time and after factory reloads the switch is confi...

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Table Of Contents Troubleshooting Problem One • I have configured the IP address and a gateway. I am pinging the switch but it is not responding. I am sure the switch is receiving the ping because it’s port LEDs are flashing and the stati...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Chapter 2 - Configuring MAC Address Management Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with: • Viewing learned MAC addresses • Purging MAC Address Entries • Configuring the switch MAC Address Aging ti...

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Chapter 2 - Configuring MAC Management Viewing MAC Addresses The View MAC Addresses command presents a real time display of learned and static MAC addresses. Figure 8: MAC Addresses Menu The display will change as MAC addresses are learned and a...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Purge MAC Address Table This command removes all dynamic entries from the MAC address table. The only negative impact of this operation is that it causes flooding while addresses are relearned. Configure MAC Address L...

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Chapter 2 - Configuring MAC Management that LAN segment. Prioritized addresses function much as regular dynamic addresses, appearing in the MAC Addresses display only while they are learned. MAC Address This parameter specifies the unicast add...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Chapter 3 – Configuring the Ports Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with: • Configuring port physical parameters • Configuring link alarms/traps for the port • Configuring rate limiting • ...

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Chapter 3 – Configuring the Ports • Port Latency: 10 Mbps - 16µs + frame time, 100 Mbps - 5µs + frame time Port Applications Port Security Port Security provides the ability to filter or accept traffic from specific MAC addresses. Port...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Controller Protection Through Loss-of-Link Management Modern industrial controllers often feature backup Ethernet ports used in the event of a link failure. When these interfaces are supported by media (such as fiber) ...

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Chapter 3 – Configuring the Ports Using Port Mirroring Introduction Port mirroring is a management tool in which all traffic on a designated port is copied (or mirrored) to a target port. If a protocol analyzer is attached to the target port,...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide The main menu Port Configuration and Status command presents this menu. Commands are provided to reset, configure and obtain the status of ports. Figure 12: Port Configuration And Status Menu My Switch Po...

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Chapter 3 – Configuring the Ports Port Configuration Menu The Configure Port Parameters Command will provide a summary of the settings of all ports. Selecting a particular port and pressing enter will allow you to configure that port. Figure...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Flow Control Flow Control is useful for preventing frame loss during times of severe network traffic. Examples of this include multiple source ports concentrating to a single destination port or a higher speed port bur...

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Chapter 3 – Configuring the Ports The Configure Port Security Command configures the ability to filter or accept traffic from specific MAC addresses. Figure 15: Port Security Menu My Switch Port Security ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Shutdown Time This is the length of time to shut the port down when an unauthorized frame is received in port security mode. If this option is set to “Don’t Shutdown”, the frame will simply be filtered. If th...

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Chapter 3 – Configuring the Ports Viewing Port Status The View Port Status command shows the port status. Figure 17: Port Status Menu My Switch Port Status Admin Access Port ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Troubleshooting Problem One • One of my links seems to be fine at low traffic levels, but starts to fail as traffic rates increase. • One of my links pings OK but has problems with FTP/SQL/HTTP/… A possible c...

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Chapter 4 – Configuring VLANs Chapter 4 – Configuring VLANs Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with: • VLAN Terminology and Issues • VLANs and their relationship to protocols such as IGMP • Planning VLAN networks •...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide VLAN Concepts And Issues VLANs and Tags A virtual LAN or VLAN is a group of devices on one or more LAN segments that communicate as if they were attached to the same physical LAN segment. VLANs are extremely flexible ...

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Chapter 4 – Configuring VLANs Edge And Trunk Port Types Each port can be configured to take on a type of Edge or Trunk. An Edge port attaches to a single end device (such as a PC or IED) and carries traffic on a single pre-configured VLAN. T...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Switch 2 Switch 3 VLAN 3 VLAN 4 VLAN 5 VLAN 2 Switch 1 Figure 18: Multiple and Overlapping VLANs Administrative Convenience VLANs enable equipment moves to be handled by software reconfiguration instead...

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Chapter 4 – Configuring VLANs VLAN 3 VLAN 4 VLAN 2 199.85.245.1/25 199.85.245.128/26 199.85.245.192/26 IP Addresses : VLAN 2 – 199.85.245.0 - 199.85.245.127 VLAN 3 – 199.85.245.128 - 199.85.245.191 VLAN 4 – 199.85.245.192 - 199.8...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Virtual LANs Menu The Virtual LANs menu is accessible from the main menu Virtual LANs command. The VLAN menu will lead you to all the other available menus for configuring and obtaining the status of VLANs. Figure 20...

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Chapter 4 – Configuring VLANs IGMP This parameter enables or disables IGMP Snooping on the VLAN in question. Note: If IGMP Snooping is not enabled for the VLAN, both IGMP messages and multicast streams from routers will be forwarded directly ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Edge Type An edge port is always a member of only one VLAN, the native VLAN (often called the port VLAN or PVID). Use an edge port with PVID Format set to “tagged” when you need to service VLAN aware equipments a...

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Chapter 4 – Configuring VLANs PVID (Native VLAN) The Port VLAN Identifier (PVID) or native VLAN specifies the VLAN id associated with untagged (and 802.1p priority tagged) frames received on this port. Note: If the VLAN configured as the PVID...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Troubleshooting Problem One • I don’t need VLANs at all. How do I turn them off? Simply leave all ports set to type “Edge” and leave the native VLAN set to 1. This is the default configuration for the switch...

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Chapter 5 – Configuring Class of Service Chapter 5 – Configuring Class of Service Introduction to CoS This chapter familiarizes the user with using the Class of Service feature. CoS Features RuggedSwitch™ CoS provide you with the following...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Note that a frame’s CoS will be high if any of the above factors set it high. The frame’s CoS will be low only if all of the above factors set it low. Received frames are first examined to determine if they are IP f...

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Chapter 5 – Configuring Class of Service CoS Configuration CoS Parameter Ranges & Default Settings The following set of tables lists default CoS configuration parameters for the unit. Configuration Item Default Value Supported Values ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide 6:1 - 6 high priority frames are transmitted for every normal priority frame 1:0 - transmit normal priority frames only after all high priority frames are sent Port CoS Parameters Menu The Port CoS Parameters me...

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Chapter 5 – Configuring Class of Service DSCP to CoS Mapping Menu The DSCP to CoS Mapping menu is accessible from the Classes Of Service menu. Figure 30: TOS DSCP to CoS Mapping CoS This menu maps the TOS DSCP from a IP frame to a CoS. CoS Ac...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with: • RSTP Issues • Planning RSTP networks • Configuring RSTP • Viewing the status and statistics of RSTP ...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree RSTP Concepts And Issues The 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol was developed to allow the construction of robust networks that incorporate redundancy while pruning the active topology of the network to pr...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide There are three RSTP states: Discarding, Learning and Forwarding. The discarding state is entered when the port is first taken into service. The port does not learn addresses in this state and does not participate in fr...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Role There are four RSTP port roles: Root, Designated, Alternate and Backup. If the bridge is designated (i.e. it is not the root bridge) it must have a single root port. The root port is the “best...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Because an edge port services only end stations, topology change messages are not generated when its link toggles. Point To Point and Multipoint Links RSTP uses a peer-peer protocol called Proposing-Agreeing to ensure ...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree IEEE 802.1d vs. IEEE 802.1w Costs The IEEE 802.1d specification limits port costs to values of 1 to 65536. It recommends that a path cost corresponding to the 1x10 9 / link speed be used. Designe...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide RSTP Applications RSTP in Structured Wiring Configurations RSTP allows you to construct structured wiring systems in which connectivity is maintained in the event of link failures. For example a single link failure of ...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree 4. Choose the root bridge and backup root bridge carefully. The root bridge should be selected to be at the concentration point of network traffic. Locate the backup root bridge adjacent to the root ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide 2. Identify required legacy support and ports with half duplex/shared media restrictions. These bridges should not be used if network failover/recovery times are to be minimized. 3. Identify edge ports Ports that...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree RSTP Configuration Bridge and Port Parameter Ranges & Default Settings The following set of tables lists default STP configuration parameters for the unit. For each parameter the parameter name, ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Spanning Tree Menu The Spanning Tree menu is accessible from the main menu Spanning Tree command. The Spanning Tree menu will lead you to all the other available menus for configuring and obtaining the status of RSTP p...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Hello Time This is the time between configuration messages issued by the root bridge. Shorter hello times may result in faster detection of topology changes at the expense of moderate increases in ST...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Port RSTP Parameters Menu The Port RSTP Parameters menu configures parameters that apply to individual ports. Figure 39: Port RSTP Parameters Menu My Switch Port RSTP Parameters A...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree without any listening and learning delays. The MAC tables of Edge ports do not need to be flushed when topology changes occur in the STP network. Unlike an STP disabled port, accidentally connecting ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide RSTP Statistics Bridge RSTP Statistics Menu The Bridge RSTP Statistics menu is accessible from the Spanning Tree menu. Figure 40: Bridge RSTP Status Menu My Switch Bridge RSTP Statistics ...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Learned Hello Time The actual Hello time provided by the root bridge as learned in configuration messages. This time is used in designated bridges. Configured Forward Delay The configured Forward De...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Port RSTP Statistics Menu The Bridge RSTP Statistics menu is accessible from the Spanning Tree menu. Figure 41: Port RSTP Parameters Menu My Switch Port RSTP Statistics Admin Acces...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Backup The port is attached to a LAN that is serviced by another port on the bridge. It is not used but is standing by. If a failure of the port that is currently designated for the LAN occurs t...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Troubleshooting Problem One • When I connect up a new port the network locks up solid. The port status LEDs are flashing madly. • Occasionally, the network seems to experience a lot of flooding. All the ports ...

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Chapter 6 – Configuring Rapid Spanning Tree Another possible explanation is that some links in the network run half duplex. RSTP uses a peer-peer protocol called Proposing-Agreeing to ensure transitioning in the event of a link failure. This p...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide flows burst continuously to 100% of the line bandwidth, STP can be disrupted. Restrict the traffic flows to below 100%. Problem Six • After I bring up a new port the root moves on to that port, and I don’t want i...

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Chapter 7 – Configuring Multicast Filtering Chapter 7 – Configuring MULTICAST FILTERING Introduction to Multicast Filtering RuggedSwitch™ accomplishes multicast Filtering through the use of the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snoo...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide IGMP Concepts And Issues Router IGMP Operation The following figure provides a simple example of IGMP use. One “producer” IP host (P1) is generating two IP multicast streams, M1 and M2. There are four potential �...

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Chapter 7 – Configuring Multicast Filtering Switch IGMP Active and Passive Operation The IGMP Snooping protocol provides a means for switches to snoop (i.e. watch) the operation of routers, respond with joins/leaves on the behalf of consumer po...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Combined Router And Switch IGMP Operation This section describes the additional challenges of multiple routers, VLAN support and switching. Producer P1 resides upon VLAN 2 while P2 resides upon VLAN 3. Consumer C1 r...

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Chapter 7 – Configuring Multicast Filtering Note that VLAN 3 does not have an external multicast router. The switch will operating in its “routerless” mode and issue general membership queries as if it is the router. Processing Joins If h...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Multicast Filtering Configuration Multicast Filtering Parameter Ranges & Default Settings The following set of tables lists default IGMP configuration parameters for the switch. Configuration Item Default Value S...

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Chapter 7 – Configuring Multicast Filtering Note: Active mode IGMP is much to be preferred to passive mode, resulting in rapid pruning of traffic. Use passive mode only with routers that have problems identifying IGMP enabled switches. A swit...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Source Port This is the port receiving the multicast stream as described by this entry. Source port information will be aged out after about two query intervals. Note: The switch can detect only one multicast traffic...

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Chapter 7 – Configuring Multicast Filtering Troubleshooting Problem One • When I start a multicast traffic feed it is always distributed to all members of the VLAN. Is IGMP enabled for the VLAN? Multicasts will be distributed to all member...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Problem Four • Multicast streams of some groups are not forwarded properly. Some segments without subscribers receive the traffic while some segments with subscribers don’t. Ensure there are you do have a situati...

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Chapter 8 – Diagnostics Chapter 8 – Diagnostics Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with: • Using The Alarm System to view and clear Alarms • Viewing and clearing the System Log • Viewing CPU Diagnostics • Loading t...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Active alarms are removed (cleared) either by solving the original cause of the alarm or by disabling the alarm itself. Passive Alarms Passive alarms are historic in nature. They signify events that represented abn...

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Chapter 8 – Diagnostics Each alarm has an associated description string. The string will include a port number if it is relevant. The description may also provide an indication of the recent rate at which this alarm is occurring (if the alarm ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Viewing CPU Diagnostics The CPU Diagnostics Menu is available from the Diagnostics menu View CPU Diagnostics command. The parameters presented in this menu are read-only. Figure 49: CPU Diagnostics Menu My Switch ...

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Chapter 8 – Diagnostics Viewing and Clearing the System Log The View System Log command displays entries made in the system log. The system log records various events including reboots, user sign-ons, alarms and configuration saves. Figure 50...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Load Factory Default Configuration The Load Factory Default Configuration command will re-load all configuration parameters to factory default values. Configuration parameters that affect the connection to the switch (...

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Chapter 9 - Using Ethernet And RMON Statistics Chapter 9 – Using Ethernet And RMON Statistics Introduction This chapter familiarizes the user with: • Viewing Ethernet Statistics • Viewing and Clearing Ethernet Port Statistics • Confi...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide View Ethernet Statistics Ethernet statistics provides a continuously updated (once per second) view of the traffic on all ports. Figure 52: Ethernet Statistics Menu This traffic view is useful when the origin and dest...

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Chapter 9 - Using Ethernet And RMON Statistics InPkts This counter is incremented once for every good packet (Unicast + Multicast + Broadcast) received. OutPkts This counter is incremented once for every transmitted good packet. TotalInOctets...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide • The ability to collect historical statistics in order to review performance and operation of Ethernet ports. • The ability to record a log entry and/or generate an SNMP trap when the rate of occurrence of a spec...

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Chapter 9 - Using Ethernet And RMON Statistics RMON Historical Statistics Concepts And Issues Historical statistics allow users to program the switch to take “snapshots” of the RMON-MIB history statistics of a port at regular intervals. Each ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Configure RMON History Control Table Menu The History Control Table stores configuration records that define a users sample collection. Collected samples can be viewed by using the arrow keys to select a particular rec...

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Chapter 9 - Using Ethernet And RMON Statistics RMON History Samples Table Menu History samples for a particular record in the RMON History Control Table are displayed by selecting a particular record there and pressing <CTRL> V. The index ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide RMON Alarms And Events Concepts And Issues The Alarm Process The RMON Alarms Table allows the user to create records that configure the switch to examine the state of a specific statistic variable. The record contain...

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Chapter 9 - Using Ethernet And RMON Statistics Alarm Generation And Hysteresis The ability to configure upper and lower thresholds on the value of a measured statistic provide for the ability to add hysteresis to the alarm generation process. If ...

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RuggedSwitch™ User Guide Configure RMON Alarms The Alarms Table stores configuration records that define statistics, their polling periods and threshold parameters. Figure 59: RMON Alarm Configuration Table screens My Switch RMON...